With two thirds of the earth's surface covered by water and the human body consisting of 75 percent of it, it is evidently clear that water is one of the prime elements responsible for life on earth.Water is all around us, in the air and in the ground. It is in milk, vegetables, fruit, meat, leaves, trunks, roots, and branches of a tree; it is even in stones.Water is used for many things: to drink, to wash things, to cook things in, to put out fires, to play in, to water plants and to transport cargo and people on ships or boats.
Based on the above, water is the most important thing in our life for all human activities. Palestine is sufferingfroma major probleminthe waterespeciallyby theIsraeli occupation, whichextendits control overmost of thewater sources. And also we have problems in our water distribution networks due to high leakage of water and wear networks and lake of maintenance, especially here in Selat Al-Daher village, so these problems must be reduced.
This project aims to improve the existing water distribution network in Selat Al-Daher, so it is very important to all of the residents in the village, because this network suffers from many problems such aslack ofaccess of watertoupland areasandthe lack ofwater accessin sufficient quantitiestosubscribers, so most of them are buying water from outside the municipality with high prices to cover their water needs.
Project Description:
The following tasks will be followed during this project.
1- Site selection
Project team decide to select the water distribution network in Selat Al-Daher village because one of the two students lives in Selat Al-Daher and this village really is suffering from lack of proper water access to the residents.
2- Have a contour and water network maps
In fact, the municipality gave us the contour map, but unfortunately they do not have water network map, but we did not stop here, we worked hard to help the municipality to have this map, so we went to the site and measured pipes lengths and diameters and we used the aerial photos to exist the network on AutoCAD form.
3- Data Collection:
- Diameters
- Lengths
- Population
- Climate
- Topography
- Questionnaire
4- Analyze the existing water network
5- Try to solve the problems and make a new model
Existing water supply network in Selat Al-Daher was designed without any study or planning, so the project staff aims to analysis the existing network and trying to redesign this network again.
To achieve our goals, we studied the area in Selat Al-Daher and collected the needed information and we went to the site and made a special thing when we produced the As-Built plan for the existing water network and it drawn in the AutoCAD software to be used in our study.
After the drawing, we found the nodes and their elevations from the contour maps and we divide all of the area to 13 areas and count number of houses for each area, and then we calculated the water demand for each node after we found the average demand from the questionnaire.
We entered this information to the Epanet software and made a run, so we saw the existing problems for the network.
Then we aimed to redesign the network to be valid for the next 30 years, so we improve the demand in each node to be in the 2041 after multiplying the current demand with the future demand factor which was 2.29, then we run the software and also saw the problems, then we changed many pipes diameter till the network was without errors and in the end we estimated the total cost for the project.