Design of a wastewater collection Network and a Water Distribution Network for Azmut using SewerCAD and WaterCAD

Water supply systems are being used  in order to facilitate the distribution of water for use in various areas of life. When this water is consumed ,  it becomes  wastewater or sewage .                                         

The disposal of sewage was done through traditional methods as cesspits , but the disadvantages of this method such as ( pollution ,disease  and the cost of evacuation of wastes ) requires the presence of sewage system . Where is the disposal of  wastewater is done  properly  by the network, then  it is   transported and assembled at to a certain point in order to discharge properly.                          

We can utilize sewage by creating wastewater treatment plant , where wastewater can be re-filtered and get rid of impurities then,  use filtered water  in  irrigation  and  industry  work  and so on.                                                      

So it is necessary to design  a  sewage collection network in the areas expected to be populated in the future since these networks are in general essential parts of the infrastructure of these areas and that was the reason behind choosing to design  a wastewater network for Azmut village .                                          

Before starting the  design  , we have to define some terms related to sewage systems such as : sewer and sewage .

Sewer is a pipe  used to transport human waste to the proper  disposal  place  . 

The system of sewers is called  sewerage  or sewerage system .                     

Sewage  or  wastewater is water  contains  wastes  which is  discharged  by domestic residences, commercial properties, industry and agriculture , and    transmitted  by  sewers  to the place of disposal .                                                 

Wastewater  transfer by  gravity  until  it reaches the  final  assembly station or treatment plant .  A  number of  obstacles will  appear,  as pipeline  excavation , limited  topography  and existing  infrastructures .

Also,  gravity  collection  systems may not be practical and the sewage must be pumped  through  a pipeline  to the treatment plant .                    

The amount of sewage can be determined by civil engineers , then several studies should be completed in order to clarify details about the network , such as  pipe diameters , manhole locations , disposal place and  the   design of treatment station if it is .

After that , treatment should be done to get clean water in order to reuse it  in some domains as industry , agriculture  and so on .