This project is talking about liquefaction. Liquefaction is a phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid loading. Liquefaction and related phenomena have been responsible for tremendous amounts of damage in historical earthquakes around the world.
This study presents the main aspects of liquefaction. It talks about different types of liquefaction such as, flow liquefaction and cyclic mobility, evaluation of liquefaction potential, when and where liquefaction occurs, damages come from it and finally remedial measures.
Chapter Two talks about liquefaction in general, its definition, causes, when and where it occurred in the past. It also presents types of liquefaction, which are mainly flow liquefaction and cyclic mobility. This chapter ends by talking about evaluation of liquefaction potential.
The mechanism of liquefaction is illustrated in Chapter Three. There are two types of behavior constitute "failure" regarding liquefaction. Flow failure describes the condition where a soil mass can deform continuously under a shear a condition will cause slope instability or bearing capacity failure or settlements.
The second type is Deformation failures involve unacceptably large permanent displacements or settlements during (and/or immediately after) shaking, ut in geometry.
Chapter Four presents the calculation of liquefaction. There are three method of estimating liquefaction in the soil. These methods are: threshold strain, empirical methods, and grain size distribution.
Chapter Five talks about the remedial methods to solve liquefaction phenomena and to avoid its hazards, this chapter show many methods help to decrease the hazard and soil settlement. It is found out that the remedial of liquefaction problems is expensive. So we should avoid building important structures on high potential liquefiable soil.
Chapter Six shows the technique that followed to build the earthquake table or shaking table to simulate the liquefaction phenomenon.